The article discusses the three normal forms in database modeling: First Normal Form (1NF), Second Normal Form (2NF), and Third Normal Form (3NF). It explains the requirements of each normal form and provides examples of violating and conforming to them. While adhering to these normal forms improves data consistency and reduces redundancy, there are cases in real-world development where intentionally violating them can be beneficial for performance optimization, simplifying queries, meeting business requirements, and balancing read and write performance. The article emphasizes that system architecture is a trade-off based on specific application contexts and needs.